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Which type of hazard involves individuals deliberately engaging in risky behavior due to insurance coverage?

  1. Moral hazard

  2. Physical hazard

  3. Legal hazard

  4. Environmental hazard

The correct answer is: Moral hazard

The concept of moral hazard refers to situations where an individual's behavior changes as a result of having insurance coverage. When individuals know they are protected against certain risks, they may engage in riskier activities or exhibit careless behavior because they believe the insurance will cover any potential losses. This shift in attitude can create an ethical dilemma, as it may result in increased claims and ultimately lead to higher premiums for policyholders. In contrast, physical hazards are inherent characteristics of a situation or environment that increase the likelihood of a loss, such as slippery floors or an unsafe building structure. Legal hazards involve the potential for lawsuits or liability claims due to legal reasons, while environmental hazards are related to external risks from natural disasters or environmental conditions. Each of these types of hazards differs from moral hazard, which is specifically about the change in behavior due to insurance coverage.